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The Second Book of Moses: Exodus

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- Chapter 20 -

(Deuteronomy 5:6–21)
1
God spoke all these words:
2
“I am Yahweh your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.
3
You must have no other gods before me.
4
You must not make for yourself a carved figure nor the likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water below.
5
You must not bow down to them or worship them, for I, Yahweh your God, am a jealous God. I punish the ancestors’ wickedness by bringing punishment on the descendants, to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate me.
6
But I show covenant faithfulness to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.
7
You must not take the name of me, Yahweh your God, in vain, for I will not hold guiltless anyone who takes my name in vain.
8
Remember the Sabbath day, to set it apart to me.
9
You must labor and do all your work for six days.
10
But the seventh day is a Sabbath for me, Yahweh your God. On it you must not do any work, you, nor your son, nor your daughter, nor your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your cattle, nor the foreigner who is within your gates.
11
For in six days I, Yahweh, made the heavens, earth, and sea, and everything that is in them, and then rested on the seventh day. Therefore, I, Yahweh, blessed the Sabbath day and set it apart to myself.
12
Honor your father and your mother, so that you may live a long time in the land which I, Yahweh your God, am giving you.
13
You must not murder anyone.
14
You must not commit adultery.
15
You must not steal from anyone.
16
You must not give false testimony against your neighbor.
17
You must not covet your neighbor’s house; you must not covet your neighbor’s wife, his male servant, his female servant, his ox, his donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”

Moses Comforts the People

(Deuteronomy 5:22–33; Hebrews 12:18–29)
18
All the people saw the thundering and the lightning, and heard the voice of the trumpet, and saw the mountain smoking. When the people saw it, they trembled and stood far off.
19
They said to Moses, “Speak to us, and we will listen; but do not let God speak to us, or we will die.”
20
Moses said to the people, “Do not be afraid, for God has come to test you so that the honor of him may be in you, and so that you do not sin.”
21
So the people stood far off, and Moses approached the thick darkness where God was.

Idolatry Forbidden

(1 Corinthians 10:14–22)
22
Yahweh said to Moses, “This is what you must tell the Israelites: ’You yourselves have seen that I have talked with you from heaven.
23
You will not make for yourselves other gods alongside me, gods of silver or gods of gold.
24
You must make an earthen altar for me, and you must sacrifice on it your burnt offerings, fellowship offerings, sheep, and oxen. In every place where I cause my name to be honored, I will come to you and bless you.
25
If you make me an altar of stone, you must not build it of cut stones, for if you use your tools on it, you will have defiled it.
26
You must not go up by steps to my altar; this is to keep you from exposing your private parts.’”
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(Deuteronomy 5:6–21)
1
God(a) spoke all these words, saying,
2
“I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
3
“You shall have no other gods before me.
4
“You shall not make for yourselves an idol, nor any image of anything that is in the heavens above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth:
5
you shall not bow yourself down to them, nor serve them, for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children, on the third and on the fourth generation of those who hate me,
6
and showing loving kindness to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.
7
“You shall not misuse the name of the LORD your God,(b) for the LORD will not hold him guiltless who misuses his name.
8
“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.
9
You shall labor six days, and do all your work,
10
but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God. You shall not do any work in it, you, nor your son, nor your daughter, your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your livestock, nor your stranger who is within your gates;
11
for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day; therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day, and made it holy.
12
“Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land which the LORD your God gives you.
13
“You shall not murder.
14
“You shall not commit adultery.
15
“You shall not steal.
16
“You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.
17
“You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor’s.”

Moses Comforts the People

(Deuteronomy 5:22–33; Hebrews 12:18–29)
18
All the people perceived the thunderings, the lightnings, the sound of the trumpet, and the mountain smoking. When the people saw it, they trembled, and stayed at a distance.
19
They said to Moses, “Speak with us yourself, and we will listen; but don’t let God speak with us, lest we die.”
20
Moses said to the people, “Don’t be afraid, for God has come to test you, and that his fear may be before you, that you won’t sin.”
21
The people stayed at a distance, and Moses came near to the thick darkness where God was.

Idolatry Forbidden

(1 Corinthians 10:14–22)
22
The LORD said to Moses, “This is what you shall tell the children of Israel: ‘You yourselves have seen that I have talked with you from heaven.
23
You shall most certainly not make gods of silver or gods of gold for yourselves to be alongside me.
24
You shall make an altar of earth for me, and shall sacrifice on it your burnt offerings and your peace offerings, your sheep and your cattle. In every place where I record my name I will come to you and I will bless you.
25
If you make me an altar of stone, you shall not build it of cut stones; for if you lift up your tool on it, you have polluted it.
26
You shall not go up by steps to my altar, that your nakedness may not be exposed to it.’

Footnotes

(a)20:1 After “God”, the Hebrew has the two letters “Aleph Tav” (the first and last letters of the Hebrew alphabet), not as a word, but as a grammatical marker.
(b)20:7 or, You shall not take the name of the LORD your God in vain
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