The Fourth Book of Moses: Numbers

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- Chapter 28 -

(Exodus 29:38–44)

The Lord also said to Moses:

“Instruct the sons of Israel, and you shall say to them: Offer my oblation and bread, and the incense of most sweet odor, at their proper times.

These are the sacrifices which you must offer: Two immaculate one-year-old lambs each day as a perpetual holocaust.

You shall offer one in morning, and the other in the evening,

and the tenth part of an ephah of fine wheat flour, which has been sprinkled with the purest oil, and which has the measure of the fourth part of a hin.

It is the continual holocaust which you offered at mount Sinai as a most sweet odor of incense to the Lord.

And you shall offer a libation of wine, of the fourth part of a hin for each lamb, in the Sanctuary of the Lord.

And you shall offer the other lamb similarly, in the evening, according to all the rites of the morning sacrifice and its libations, as an oblation of most sweet odor to the Lord.

The Sabbath Offerings

Then, on the Sabbath day, you shall offer two immaculate one-year-old lambs, and two tenths of fine wheat flour sprinkled with oil, as sacrifice, as well as the libations

that are usually poured out on each Sabbath as a perpetual holocaust.

The Monthly Offerings

Then, on the first day of the month, you shall offer a holocaust to the Lord: two calves from the herd, one ram, seven immaculate one-year-old lambs,

and three tenths of fine wheat flour sprinkled with oil, as sacrifice, for each calf, and two tenths of fine wheat flour sprinkled with oil, for each ram,

and one tenth of fine wheat flour with oil, as a sacrifice, for each lamb. It is a holocaust of most sweet odor and also an incense to the Lord.(a)

Now these shall be the libations of wine, which are to be poured out for each victim: one half portion of a hin for each calf, one third for a ram, and one fourth for a lamb. This shall be the holocaust for all the months, as they succeed one another in the turning of the year.

Likewise, a he-goat shall be offered to the Lord for sin, with the perpetual holocaust and its libations.

Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread

(Exodus 12:14–28; Leviticus 23:4–8; Deuteronomy 16:1–8)

Then, in the first month, the fourteenth day of the month shall be the Passover of the Lord.

And the fifteenth day shall be a solemnity. For seven days, they shall eat unleavened bread.

And the first day of these days shall be venerable and holy; you shall not do any servile work in it.

And you shall offer the incense of a holocaust to the Lord, two calves from the herd, one ram, seven immaculate one-year-old lambs;

and with each sacrifice, from fine wheat flour which has been sprinkled with oil, three tenths for each calf, and two tenths for each ram,

and one tenth for each lamb, that is, for the seven lambs;

and one he-goat for sin, as an expiation for you,

aside from the morning holocaust, which you shall always offer.

You shall do this on each day of the seven days, as fuel for the fire, and as a most sweet odor to the Lord, which shall rise up from the holocaust and from each of the libations.

Likewise, the seventh day shall be very honored and holy for you. Any servile work, you shall not do in it.

The Feast of Weeks

(Deuteronomy 16:9–12)

And also the day of the first-fruits, after the weeks have been fulfilled, when you shall offer new fruits to the Lord, shall be venerable and holy. You shall not do any servile work in it.

And you shall offer a holocaust as a most sweet odor to the Lord: two calves from the herd, one ram, and seven immaculate one-year-old lambs,

and also, as their sacrifices, fine wheat flour sprinkled with oil, three tenths for each calf, two for each ram,

one tenth for each lamb, which all together are seven lambs; likewise, a he-goat,

which is slain for expiation, aside from the perpetual holocaust and its libations.

You shall offer only what is immaculate, with their libations.”

Footnotes

(a)28:13 The expression ‘decimam decimæ’ does not literally mean ‘a tenth of a tenth’ (i.e. a hundredth); rather, it refers to one tenth part. Of the tenths into which the ephah is divided, one tenth of those tenths is ‘decimam decimæ’.(Conte)

(Exodus 29:38–44)

The LORD spoke to Moses, saying,

“Command the children of Israel, and tell them, ‘See that you present my offering, my food for my offerings made by fire, as a pleasant aroma to me, in their due season.’

You shall tell them, ‘This is the offering made by fire which you shall offer to the LORD: male lambs a year old without defect, two day by day, for a continual burnt offering.

You shall offer the one lamb in the morning, and you shall offer the other lamb at evening,

with one tenth of an ephah(a) of fine flour for a meal offering, mixed with the fourth part of a hin

(b)

of beaten oil.

It is a continual burnt offering which was ordained in Mount Sinai for a pleasant aroma, an offering made by fire to the LORD.

Its drink offering shall be the fourth part of a hin

(c)

for each lamb. You shall pour out a drink offering of strong drink to the LORD in the holy place.

The other lamb you shall offer at evening. As the meal offering of the morning, and as its drink offering, you shall offer it, an offering made by fire, for a pleasant aroma to the LORD.

The Sabbath Offerings

“‘On the Sabbath day, you shall offer two male lambs a year old without defect, and two tenths of an ephah(d) of fine flour for a meal offering mixed with oil, and its drink offering:

this is the burnt offering of every Sabbath, in addition to the continual burnt offering and its drink offering.

The Monthly Offerings

“‘In the beginnings of your months, you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD: two young bulls, one ram, seven male lambs a year old without defect,

and three tenths of an ephah(e) of fine flour for a meal offering mixed with oil, for each bull; and two tenth parts of fine flour for a meal offering mixed with oil, for the one ram;

and one tenth part of fine flour mixed with oil for a meal offering to every lamb, as a burnt offering of a pleasant aroma, an offering made by fire to the LORD.

Their drink offerings shall be half a hin of wine for a bull, the third part of a hin for the ram, and the fourth part of a hin for a lamb. This is the burnt offering of every month throughout the months of the year.

Also, one male goat for a sin offering to the LORD shall be offered in addition to the continual burnt offering and its drink offering.

Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread

(Exodus 12:14–28; Leviticus 23:4–8; Deuteronomy 16:1–8)

“‘In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, is the LORD’s Passover.

On the fifteenth day of this month shall be a feast. Unleavened bread shall be eaten for seven days.

In the first day shall be a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work,

but you shall offer an offering made by fire, a burnt offering to the LORD: two young bulls, one ram, and seven male lambs a year old. They shall be without defect,

with their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil. You shall offer three tenths for a bull, and two tenths for the ram.

You shall offer one tenth for every lamb of the seven lambs;

and one male goat for a sin offering, to make atonement for you.

You shall offer these in addition to the burnt offering of the morning, which is for a continual burnt offering.

In this way you shall offer daily, for seven days, the food of the offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD. It shall be offered in addition to the continual burnt offering and its drink offering.

On the seventh day you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work.

The Feast of Weeks

(Deuteronomy 16:9–12)

“‘Also in the day of the first fruits, when you offer a new meal offering to the LORD in your feast of weeks, you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work;

but you shall offer a burnt offering for a pleasant aroma to the LORD: two young bulls, one ram, seven male lambs a year old;

and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil, three tenths for each bull, two tenths for the one ram,

one tenth for every lamb of the seven lambs;

and one male goat, to make atonement for you.

Besides the continual burnt offering and its meal offering, you shall offer them and their drink offerings. See that they are without defect.

Footnotes

(a)28:5 1 ephah is about 22 liters or about 2/3 of a bushel

(b)28:5 A hin is about 6.5 liters or 1.7 gallons.

(d)28:9 1 ephah is about 22 liters or about 2/3 of a bushel

(e)28:12 1 ephah is about 22 liters or about 2/3 of a bushel